The Common Core State Standards - 1733 Words

Common Core, these two words have come to mean more, in the past four years, than two words with no similarities. 43 out of 50 states are signed on to the Common Core State Standards as of now (Khadaroo). This paper will review the good, the bad and the alternatives to the Common Core, from the eyes of a student that is affected by these standards everyday. Through researching this topic, it has become apparent that the common core has good intentions, however bad implementations. Forty Percent of high school graduates are currently taking remedial courses. The goal of the new standards and tests is to improve on these abysmal stats. States have varied in how quickly and aggressively they have implements the CCSS*. Reading score have improved by 1.1 points since 2011 (Loveless). Arne Duncan, United States Secretary of Education and parent, has stated that American Schools are changing, because the world is changing. The positive claims for the common core include that it represents a set of smarter standards, implies a student centered teaching and can level the playing field for many students (Strauss). Tracy Scott, South Dakota High School English and Spanish teacher in a personal interview declared that Anytime there is a focus on curriculum, it is important to have a focus, CC is a good focus. Yeah. On November 29th, 2010, the SD Board of Education moved to adopt the Common Core State Standards (Common Core State Standards). The Common Core entitles stan dards toShow MoreRelatedThe Common Core State Standards764 Words   |  4 PagesThe Common Core State Standards are a state attempt to create strong educational standards. The standard are created to ensure that students in the country are learning and grasping the information that are given in the classrooms for them to succeed academically. The Common Core plan included governors and education commissioners form forty-eight states and the District of Columbia. They wanted to make sure the standards are relevant, logical and sequential. For content all subjects must have critical-thinkingRead MoreThe Common Core State Standards 1791 Words   |  7 Pagesnew Common Core State Standards for Mathematics bring a new opportunity to the classrooms of the United States that many people view as a controversial. According to the NCTM (2013) â€Å"The Common Core State Standards offer a foundation for the development of more rigorous, focused, and coherent mathematics curricula, instruct ion, and assessments that promote conceptual understanding and reasoning as well as skill fluency† (par. 1). While some people believe that the Common Core State Standards mayRead MoreThe Common Core State Standard1492 Words   |  6 PagesWhen looking over the Loveless article, the paper seemed to have a very negative view of the Common Core State Standard. The part that was most interesting to me throughout the reading was when Loveless referred to the furthering of teacher development with the Common Core Standard. The article was very persuasive for someone who had not known a great deal about the Common Core and led me to believe that it was not a helpful tool to the teaching community. Nonetheless, once I did some deeper researchRead MoreThe Common Core State Standards Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pagesyour life? The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) not only standardizes education, but it makes comprehension and intricate tool of the learning process. When it comes to American public education, the diagnosis has been offered that our schools suffer from a lack of consistent standards from coast to coast about what our kids should leave school knowing. The fix that has been adopted in a number of states in the last few years is a set of standards called the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), whichRead MoreThe Common Core State Standards881 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2009, states around the country began adopting the Common Core State Standards. These standards were put in place to ensure that each child was on the same academic level by high school graduation. As the global marketplace becomes increasingly more competitive, the United States hopes that Common Core will enable the coming generations to be better prepared. As of right now, my working thesis is Common Core is overall unsuccessful in its effort, and discontinuing or, at the least, replacingRead MoreCommon Core State Standards760 Words   |  3 PagesCommon Core State Standards, or Common Core for short, has been making headlines in 2014. Not a curriculum, Common Core is a set of standards defining the skills in which students from kindergarten through 12th grade need to have each year in order to be prepared for the next grade. Creating these national academic standards was a state-led initiative that included a coalition of educators and governors. Administrators, educators and parents participated in the developement of the actual standardsRead MoreThe Common Core State Standards Essay1271 Words   |  6 Pages2009 the Common Core State Standards, or CCSS, was initiated, and since then has become a large part of education today. News shows in multiple states have shown students protesting these new standards by skipping classes and school all together. These actions obviously show their refusal to work with the new standards. While there are many teachers who are happy with these standards, students still need to be convinced, and teachers can help this by supporting Common Core State Standards. This inRead MoreThe Common Core State Standards937 Words   |  4 Pages Forty-two states, along with the District of Columbia have adopted Common Core State Standards. These standards were created to focus only on English and Mathematics. An effect of states adopting Common Core State Standards is that all other subjects taught in school were emphasized less. History, Science, and many other subjects are no longer stressed; therefore students are limited to being proficient in only two subjects. The Common Core deprives students’ ability to be skilled in multiple areasRead MoreThe Common Core State Standards1298 Words   |  6 Pagesterms of core subject content, as well as though social activity and elective/activity courses. However, there has often been a disconnect between different states and districts over what exactly should be in the curriculum for various grades and what is needed to prepare students for life beyond school, as well as providing little basis for comparing the US to other countries. That’s where Common Core State St andards (CCSS) come in. According to Teaching in the Middle School (2012), the Common CoreRead MoreThe Common Core State Standards1282 Words   |  6 PagesThe Common Core State Standards (CCSS) initiative is a plan to restructure the educational system in the United States and provide students with a high-quality education. Many states have adopted and are implementing these standards. In our fast changing world, different skills are needed to do the jobs our society has to offer. Upon completion of high school, these students need to be equipped to either enter the workforce prepared to meet the demands of their employers or to enter college prepared

Challenges for Foreign Manager in South Korea - 2170 Words

University of Maryland University College AMBA 620 Introduction Background To put it mildly the cultural differences between the United States and South Korea are vast. South Korean culture according to Javidan, Dorfman, Sully de Luque and House (2006) is similar to Chinese culture in that it is rich in tradition and heavily influenced by Confucian values. The values of Confucianism funnel down to everything from family life to corporate life. Javidan et al. (2006) details that Confucianism â€Å"emphasizes the importance of relationships and community† (p. 83). Park, Rehg, and Lee (2005) mention that in South Korean culture it is important behave in an honorable, trustworthy, and respectable fashion as these attributes are all†¦show more content†¦The dimension known as â€Å"Institutional Collectivism† shows how a culture practices rewards and encouragement. Javidan et al. (2006) explain that South Koreans thrive off of teamwork and group reward unlike other countries such as the United States, which favors a more individualis tic system (p. 70). Of all the cultures studied as part of Project GLOBE, South Korea ranked highest in their need of a group reward system. This information will help me establish a reward system that will satisfy the need that the employees require in South Korea. An additional factor that Javidan, et al. (2006, p. 70) raises is â€Å"Uncertainty Avoidance† which can be characterized as a â€Å"tolerance for uncertainty† (Hofstedeâ„ ¢ Cultural Dimensions, n.d.). According to Hostede’s scale, South Koreans do not like change and thrive off of order and use structure to minimize uncertainties (Hofstedeâ„ ¢ Cultural Dimensions, n.d.). This leads me to question, â€Å"how they will handle a new foreign manager?† especially a woman manager. Culture Shock One of the biggest culture shocks for me will be the move itself. Relocating my family, getting a new home, learning the language are all obstacles I will have to overcome. My cultural orientation training will help, but a new job is always a bit overwhelming at first not to mention tackling a foreign grocery store. Another challenge will be adapting to theShow MoreRelatedEconomic Essay 11017 Words   |  5 Pagespeople of North and South Korea speak the same language, they have many different ideas and cultures that have developed after the two countries split apart. The market economy of South Korea has done a lot to improve the overall economy of the country, and the gross national product has been on the rise. The economy of North Korea has had many challenges, largely due to the self-reliant and closed economic system that they use. Overall, the government and economy of South Korea has been more prosperousRead MoreWal Marts Failure in Korea1166 Words   |  5 PagesWal-Mart’s Failure in Korea This case will present Wal-Mart’s unexpected failure to conduct local market research and conform to Korean consumers’ needs and wants. Introduction: There are many frameworks that help characterize the differences between different cultures and the way people communicate across different cultures. In our paper we will focus on the differences between Korean and American cultures and what effect these differences might have on conducting business between both sidesRead MoreLeadership : Bridging Cultural Divide1590 Words   |  7 Pagessignificance of bridging the cultural divide in leadership, a foreign middle manager of American employees must recognize the impact of cultural differences, adapt his or her methods to achieve the desired results, and develop strategies to predict and diffuse misunderstandings resulting from the differences in cultures (DuBrin, 2012). The Impact of Cultural Differences One of the greater obstacles for burgeoning leaders to overcome is the challenge associated with assuming leadership duties over a teamRead MoreHow does culture and environment affect institutions and their management?1656 Words   |  7 Pagesis great to want to invent the wheel again, but it’s not great to step on toes while trying be inventive. Ms. Myers started out good but failed in what her objective was. â€Å"When Linda Myers accepted a human resources position at SK Telecom in South Korea, she thought it was the opportunity shed long been working toward. Not only would she break ground as one of the first American female executives at a Korean company, she would also lead an initiative to make the organization more global. For someoneRead MoreThe Impact Of Lundbeck As A Global Pharmaceutical Company1751 Words   |  8 Pagespolitical policies after financial crisis in 1977, Korea started open up to foreign market that gives push up to company to start . The political factors includes tax rates, political stability, trade regulations, safety regulations and employment laws. In Korea up to 2000 MNE s cannot able to form own group without local partners . Lundbeck is a pharmaceutical company as per present situation most increase of growth in Korea, (Lundbeck South korea, 2016). Government policies and legislations areRead MoreLegal Business Practices in the United States and Korea Essay1470 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness practice in detail and provide a comparison of South Korea with that of the United States in regard to business practices. The researcher will define ethical and legal business practice as well as unethical and illegal business practices. Furthermore, the researcher will identify business practices that are considered illegal and unethical in the United States and address why these same practices are considered legal and ethical in South Korea. Finally, the researcher will provide a course ofRead MoreInvestment Entry Mode Strategy Of South Korea2479 Words   |  10 PagesTo start business in South Korea it would be a challenge but I believe it would be a great investment to consider. Our investment entry mode strategy will be a joint venture, which is â€Å"a contractual, strategic partnership between two or more separate business entri es to pursue a business opportunity (Carpenter pp 241).† Partnering with the owner of The Shilla Hotel, Lee Byung-chul. The Shilla Hotel is listed top 5 luxury gateway hotels in Seoul, (the capital city of South Korea) and one of the topRead MoreCase Analysis: Doing Business Abroad1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthe personnel within the company to understand the cultural differences between the home office and the overseas operations. Every region of the world has its unique cultural idiosyncrasies. These idiosyncrasies can prove to be challenging if a manager is not prepared to deal with the cultural differences in a respectful, appropriate way. Some of the specific ways that cultural differences can affect international business relations are group mechanics, employee behavior, and norms. ProfessorRead MoreU.S. Automobile Manufacturing in the Twenty-First Century1540 Words   |  7 Pagessuch as global competition, advanced technology, and reengineering are more likely to affect human resource managers in the automobile industry (Greer, 2001, p. 68). Human Resource Issues Managers in the Automobile Industry Should Be Prepared For Based on the case study, global competition is an issue that human resource managers should be prepared for in the future. Human resource managers should emphasize the need to train and educate employees, so that employees can perform at the level of worldRead MoreCountry Analysis Report - South Korea2217 Words   |  9 Pagespurposes, a great market potential is seen in South Korea where the demand for skincare and cosmetic products is soaring. With sales capabilities in over 100 countries, direct sales offices have only been established in a little over 20 countries1. The goal of this report is to provide an analysis on the feasibility of establishing a direct sales office in South Korea. Feasibility will be determined through a three part analysis in the following areas:  · South Koreas business climate as depicted by

Resource To Promote Employee Performance â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Resource To Promote Employee Performance? Answer: Introduction Organisation behaviour directly influences employee performance and there are many factors which influence performance. These must be carefully analysed to determine the most important towards enhancing team performance(French, 2011). To assist identify these factors three articles will be reviewed which will help determine common trends interlinking each of them. These can then be utilized to report findings and propose a suitable approach towards managing human resource to promote employee performance. The main purpose of this report would be analysing Conflict management and its influences to organizations behaviour. This will help identify both the positive and negative aspects linked to team conflict of interest and how they can be used to encourage performance(Doherty Guyler, 2008). The report shall review three articles related to this domain and report on each one's findings and later an independent analysis of the findings shall be reported. Team conflict management has bec ome an important stream in business today and as more businesses expand, grow and diversity. If utilized correctly, team conflict can help boost an organizations performance, development and growth. Article summary The report shall be analysing three articles and shall be reporting on each of the article's findings to determine common trends which can be used to help develop a positive organizational behaviour management plan. Skewed Task Conflict in Teams: What Happens When A Few Members See More Conflict than the Rest This article is a publication of the journal of applied psychology 2016, vol 101, no 7, pp. 1045-1055. It comprises of two studies which are aimed towards identifying the effects of Skewed task Conflict and its effects on team performance(Sinha Janadhanan, 2016). In this article the theory on how skewed task conflicts affects team performance and how it is a configure property towards group is closely analysed. Theories are also developed on how skewed perceptions of task conflicts relate to team performance Task Conflict, information processing, and Decision making: the damaging effects of relationship conflict This article has been published by the Elsevier journal 2013, vol 122, pp. 177-189. It also comprises of two studies and focuses on the identification of how Disagreement stimulates critical thinking and can improve group decision making processes(Wit et al., 2013). The main theory related to this article is how task related disagreement stimulated critical thinking among the affected stake holders of any organisation. This makes it important to stimulate disagreement to certain degree so as to encourage critical thinking which has a direct effect on individual performance. Team Conflict Management and Team Effectiveness: The Effects of Task Interdependence and Team Identification The article has been published by the journal of organizational behaviour, 2009, vol 30, pp. 359-378, the article focused on exploring the dynamics of conflict management within teams and examines how task structure is related to conflict management styles and team performance(Somech et al., 2009). This article focuses on explaining how social learning theory is instigated team conflict and helps pinpoint important theories which may be considered to help boost learning through conflict. In-depth Article Analysis Skewed Task Conflict in Teams The articles comprise of findings from the comparison of two studies which analyse skewed task conflict and team performance. The skewed task conflict explains the variances in team performance and reports on how they can be used to promote positive team outcomes(Salas et al., 2017). The articles also emphasize the importance of controlling team conflict so as to contribute beneficially towards the team and organizations performance. Uncontrolled and unmonitored team conflict can easily turn to the loss for the organization making it important for the management to monitor team conflict to identify and encourage positive traits which can be used to enhance performance. This study composed of 571 post graduates split into 120 teams who competed towards making different business decisions. The study also required for each team to analyse and report on negative aspects of other competitor team decisions which would help generate conflict among the teams competing. The results helped determine the types of conflict and how they needed to be controlled to harness a positive effect or organization performance. This study was a performance to determine the link between task conflict skewness and team performance through financial management. It also involved the study of teams with regard to financial corporation towards the team and department finance allocation. This would see team enter into conflict regarding their superior viability which would see then argue for more funding. The aim of the study was to determine how teams would review each other as part of a single organization and therefore need to dedicate equal financial allocation towards each team to benefit overall organization growth and expansion.Task Conflict, Information Processing, and Decision Making This article focuses on highlighting how disagreement helps stimulate critical thinking and improved group decision making(Brush et al., 2010). It also investigates two meta-analyses which show that task conflict can have both positive and negative effects on the decision-making process and its effects on organizations performance. This study focuses on measuring the level of perceived relationship between team members during task conflict. This study helps determine different levels of stress experienced by team members and teams as a whole with regard to different forms of stress imposed on them while working. The study reveals some forms of stress help encourage and boost performance while others have a negative effect on the teams performance. The second study was focused towards analysing the effects of rigidity on individual and team performance. The study would reveal that increased group/ team member rigidity influenced performance negatively and led to prior decision making despite the individual is capable of making the right decision. This is due to external factors which influence and place pressure on individuals to make a decision based on their external sources perception leading to poor decision making. Team Conflict Management and Team Effectiveness This article explored the dynamics of conflict management and examines how task structures are related to conflict management style and moderating factors toward the relationship. The study comprises of 77 teams from high tech companies who help reveal that corporative styles of team management help determine to encourage the team to identify and task interdependence(Salas et al., 2008). These then reflect on organisation behaviour in a positive manner thus allowing the organisation register higher levels of performance the study also help to identify a crucial negative impact of conflict management towards Team efficiency but the study also reveals the high energy from team corporative styles helped overcome the negative aspects to re align the teams objectives towards high performance. Article Comparison Similarities and Differences across the Articles Similarities Differences All articles are focused towards identifying important factors linked to team conflict Each article focuses on a different aspect of organisation behaviour namely Skewed Task Conflict, Decision making process and team conflict management Content and findings on all articles has been found after conducting extensive research on studies involving a large number of participants. Participants utilized for each of the studies have come from a different back ground. Art 1 graduate Students Art 2 82 participants (50 women; 32 Men) 77 mix gender teams of working professionals Article 1 and 2 have reported findings from 2 studies each focusing on different factors influencing organisation behaviour and performance Artile Finding and Discussion Analysis of the three articles helps identify important points related to organizational behaviour which helps encourage development and growth when the conflict is carefully monitored and managed(Chiocchio et al., 2015). 5 benefits that can be harnessed from team conflict and competition include: Team Conflict Reveals New Ideas Team conflict is generally instigated by competition among team members or different teams or departments. When managed correctly the conflict or differences can be used to help reveal important new ideas which can be used to benefit the organization. This is achieved by encouraging teams to compete for each other on a uniform platform which helps each team develop new ideas to gain the advantage of the competition. This also benefits the organization as it helps reveal new ideas which can be adapted and used by other teams thus helping improve the overall teams performance. Opportunity to Communicate Positive team conflict and competitions also help encourage team communication whereby teams will confront and debate each other regarding their ideas and approaches. It is important to encourage a certain level of rivalry between the teams which helps with encouraging teams to monitor other teams performance and processes. This is important as it helps encourage inter-monitoring which helps reduce the work pressure on higher managerial official freeing them to focus on other aspects of the organization's development. Encourages Flexibility Team conflict and competitiveness have also been identified to encourage team member flexibility with regard to their way of thinking and analysis. This is due to the conflicting teams and colleague pointing out areas where the other may have fallen short thus allowing these areas to be improved. It helps encouraging flexible thinking and adoption of new approaches which helps improve performance and growth. Initially, this form of conflict causes stress between teams and colleagues but over time team members learn to view this as feedback and an area to improve their performance as a whole. Encourages Observing/ Analysing Surroundings Team Conflict also helps encouraging keep observations and screening of individuals and teams surroundings. This is instigated by the fact that other teams and colleagues may be observing or monitoring an individual or teams performance thus instigating the team to be always alert. This helps self-management of employees and teams due to them always being on the alert that others may be observing their actions and likely to highlight any area one may fall short. It also helps encourage observation among all members who place more effort towards their work which automatically helps encourage performance. Identifies Solutions Team conflict is also an important tool which can be used towards identifying solutions to problems an individual or team may be facing. This is due to there being a large number of stake holders involved which helps gather more minds towards the problem from which solutions are easier identified. Besides brain storming team conflict instigators tend to have superior knowledge in the area they have highlighted and escalated regarding. This results in them pointing out the fault and proposing a solution which can be adopted to resolve the problem. This information and knowledge can then be adopted by the affected individual to improve their performance in future. Identifies Behavioural Patterns Team conflict also helps identify individual team member behaviour and reactions towards negative comments made against them or their performance. This allows for team leads and managers to register and individuals reaction towards the conflict or negative comment thus allowing them to develop a suitable human resource management plan for the individual. This is also important as it allows the team leads and managers to advise other team members and management on suitable approaches to handle each individual to avoid instigating negative behaviour or withdrawal of interest towards their duties. Conclusion Conflict between teams, departments and colleagues is a very important tool towards encouraging performance and growth but requires proper management to avoid attracting negativity towards the individuals or teams performance. Team conflict must, therefore, be carefully choreographed and monitored closely and intervention took immediately to prevent the conflict spiralling out of control. Team conflict, when managed correctly, will deliver immense benefits to an organization and individuals performance thus making it a fundamental requirement to be practiced and used in all businesses Recommendations Careful analysis of the three articles clearly demonstrates the important of controlled conflict within an organisation. Team and task related conflicts allow stake holders to focus their attention more towards their responsibility. This is due to every team member being placed responsibility for monitoring their colleagues due to the entire organisation depending on each other to function efficiently. Authorizing every organisation employee and stake holder to remain vigil and report on discrepancies triggers every individual to taking more responsibility of their duties. Conflict between teams, tasks and departments may have a negative effect at the initial stages of implementation but they are sure to deliver long term benefits as the stake holders realize its an organisation process every member must follow. This instigates each member to gradually take responsibility and ensure they are performing their task effectively due to there also being others observing the individuals pe rformance. References: Brush, C.G., Kolvereid, L., Widding, L.O. Sorheim, R., 2010. The Life Cycle of New Ventures: Emergence, Newness and Growth. Glos: Edward Elgar Publishing. Chiocchio, F., Kelloway, E.K. Hobbs, B., 2015. The Psychology and Management of Project Teams. New York: Oxford University Press. Doherty, N. Guyler, M., 2008. The Essential Guide to Workplace Mediation Conflict Resolution: Rebuilding Working Relationships. Philedelia: Kogan Page Publishers. French, R., 2011. Organizational Behaviour. 2nd ed. New Delhi: John Wiley Sons. Salas, E., Goodwin, G.F. Burke, C.S., 2008. Team Effectiveness In Complex Organizations: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives and Approaches. New York: Routledge. Salas, E., Rico, R. Passmore, J., 2017. The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of the Psychology of Team Working and Collaborative Processes. Oxford: John Wiley Sons. Sinha, R. Janadhanan, N.S., 2016. Skewed Task Conflict in Teams: What Happens When A Few Members See More Conflict than the Rest. journal of applied psychology , vol 101,(no 7, pp.), pp.1045-55. Somech, A., desililya, H.S. Lidogosker, H., 2009. Team Conflict Management and Team Effectiveness: The Effects of Task Interdependence and Team Identification. journal of organizational behaviour, 30, pp.359-78. Wit, F., Jern, K. Scheepers, D., 2013. Task Conflict, information processing, and Decision making: the damaging effects of relationship conflict. Elsevier journal 2013, vol 122, pp. , 122, pp.177-89.

Why Homosexuality Should Be Illegal

The origins and the mechanisms through which homosexuality came to be a part of human history is not well known. However, it is thought that it has been practiced by people since they came into being.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Why Homosexuality Should Be Illegal specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the earliest documented accounts of homosexuality is found in ancient pagan religious practices according to Kulkarni (3). It is not known if these homosexual practices were already within the society before entering into pagan worship; or if pagan rituals were responsible for the introduction of these practices to the rest of the society. According to Paul’s gospels however, the latter was what likely took place. In those days pagan gods were either female or male and could engage in coitus with one another in order to procreate. Having sex with gods became the norm with the aim of seeking divine intervention for the productivity of crops, human beings and animals (Koranteng-Pipim 5). Females and female gods were not preferred in particular as compared to male gods and other males. In ancient Greece, heterosexual and homosexual were not separate concepts; all of them were viewed as part and parcel of human sexuality. It was widely accepted that people were able to respond to attractiveness in a person regardless of their gender. The submissive role was for women and inferiors such as slaves and male youths according to Brent (3). However, it was frowned upon for male youths if they continued to be in the submissive role even after maturity. These views were also seen among the Romans but drastically changed when Rome became an empire as a result of social and economic upheavals. Christianity frowned upon homosexuality or any overt engagement in sexual activity for that matter except for the purposes of procreation. However, this has come under sharp debate with some arguing that Christianity was only against immorality and out of the ordinary sexual activity such as prostitution. In addition, the church eased on this stance and allowed sex for purposes other than procreation in its quest to recruit new members. Some Christian teachings prohibited any form of sex outside marriage a stand that has been adopted by all churches today (Brent 6).Advertising Looking for term paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The decline of the Roman Empire saw more tolerance of the people and the authorities for homosexuality except the church and Visigothic Spain. In the subsequent centuries intolerance towards homosexuality arose once again and the church instituted punishments for what was now called sodomy, a practice that was possible even in heterosexual relationships. This continued to the 19th century when secular arguments and interpretations from discipline such as medicine psychology re placed theological frameworks (Buchanan 17). At the same time, formal schooling reduced transgenerational contact and people were forced to engage in coitus with others of their age (Koranteng-Pipim 3). The idea that homosexuality and indeed one’s sexual orientation is innate came into being. Doctors began to advocate for the repeal of the punishments that were handed down to homosexuals and started treating this as a disorder. Today, homosexual sex is widely and openly practiced all over the world. However, there are legal, religious and personal reactions to the practice; some of which are not favorable (Brent 12). Legally, homosexuality is outlawed in 70 of the 195 countries on earth. Where the practice is not illegal there are laws that regulate the age of consent, marriage and adoptions among others. Islamic sharia law imposes the death penalty for homosexual acts. Most religions denounce the practice but Indic religions are not so explicit on the practice. However, the Anglican Church ordained a man that was known to be gay as a bishop. The church does not have a definite stand on homosexuality. In the business arena most firms in capitalist countries do not discriminate against homosexuals who now include both men and women in same sex relations. In spite of the existence of homosexuality and tolerance by some populations such as in the United States of America, the lifestyle should not be recommended or even allowed due to certain reasons. To begin with the rate of faithfulness among homosexual couples is only 25% as compared to the 80% that is found in heterosexual relationships.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Why Homosexuality Should Be Illegal specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This puts the participants in such relationships prone to health risks from sexually transmitted infections which are a burden to the state as well. Secondly, where such relationships are allow ed to enter into marriages and adopt children, the early development of children is put at risk (Brent 2). This is because children need a male and female parent for proper development in all aspects. Studies have shown that there are definite negative effects that are related to the lack of either parents in the course of the growth and development of a child especially while less than five years of age. As a result the society may have to accommodate the increase in numbers of adults that are not well adjusted in their midst and who are prone to engage in certain antisocial behavior. Lastly, the practice of homosexuality is forbidden in most religions as are other vices such as stealing and murder. There is a possibility that like the other vices, homosexuality has long term repercussions for the human race that we have been unable to forecast by ourselves. It is therefore important to exercise caution and indeed restraint with this issue. On the other hand however, it is commonly argued that homosexuals are born that way and can do nothing about it (Koranteng-Pipim 11). This is a fact that is hard to verify by scientific means and therefore very hard to argue about. On the other hand, homosexuals and their supporters claim that it is a perfectly acceptable life choice and is neither immoral nor moral (36). This argument is mainly aimed at the religions that constantly attack this lifestyle condemning it as evil and sinful. Lastly, some argue for homosexuality on the basis of the freedom of expression and on the grounds of basic human rights. In addition, homosexuality is immoral and thus a form of sexual perversion just like necrophilia and bestiality. It does not serve the human race any purpose as it cannot lead to reproduction or development of a normal family. Moreover, most religions if not all do not allow homosexuality among their faithful (Koranteng-Pipim 7). Therefore, more strict measures should be enforced to crack down the vice as it is a danger to the traditional religions and its legalization may negate or invalidate the role of religion in intervening in the lives of people who are engaged in the crime (Kulkarni 5). There are people that have been known to leave this lifestyle in favor of heterosexuality which is a more wholesome choice.Advertising Looking for term paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Legalization of homosexuality will disorganize our social world as we know it as it will be impossible to refer to homosexual couples as Mr. and Mrs. or as husband and wife. Where these couples are allowed to adopt their children will not have the privilege of having a mother and father as in traditional families (Brent 12). Societal organization and ideas of gender roles will also be disorganized especially when it comes to the use of restrooms for adults and for young children whose parents are in such unions. Legalization of homosexuality and their according of rights just like everybody else will mean that mothers who wish to give away their children for adoption will risk their children being adopted by a homosexual couple (Kulkarni 7). Not many parents would make such a choice for their children were it left to them as most prefer their children to grow up in healthy and balanced homes and not those with homosexual couples as parents. Most of the reasons that are given to just ify homosexuality are neither factual nor objective but are counter attacks against the church’s arguments. This is unlike the reasons that are against homosexuality as given by Koranteng-Pipim (6). Homosexuality has definite repercussions for the family unit and the future citizens of every nation. Every child deserves a right to grow and develop into a functional and socially adept member of the society and this will not be possible for children that grow up in households where the parents are in homosexual relationships. In addition, the morbidity that is associated with the homosexual lifestyle should be a reason for governments to ban its practice altogether (Kulkarni 9). When HIV/AIDS first appeared, the homosexual society suffered greatly as compared to their heterosexual counterparts. However, there are places where homosexuality is hardly an issue as it is rarely observed. This rubbishes the argument that people are born as homosexuals and have no control over it. Wo rks Cited Brent, Pickett. Homosexuality. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (spring  2011 Edition), n.d. Web. Buchanan, Robert. Homosexuality in History. 11/07/2011. Web. Koranteng-Pipim, Samuel. Some Popular Arguments for Homosexuality N.d. Web. Kulkarni, Dhananjay. History of Homosexuality. Web. This term paper on Why Homosexuality Should Be Illegal was written and submitted by user Tiana Morris to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Animal Rights Vs Human Rights essays

Animal Rights Vs Human Rights essays The use of laboratory animals is important to three main areas: biomedical research, product safety testing, and education. Biomedical researchers use animals to extend their understanding of the workings of the body and the processes of disease and health, and to develop new vaccines and treatments for various diseases. The research these people do isn ¡t only for human benefit; it is also helping to develop veterinary techniques. The industry uses animals to test the effectiveness and safety of many consumer products, such as cosmetics, household cleaning products, pesticides, chemicals, and drugs. Educators, from elementary school all the way up to college, use animals as parts of the teaching process, including dissecting worms, and frogs in science classes to medical students using animals to learn surgical techniques. Scientists study animals to learn more about certain species: its history, its psychological and social behaviors, and its skills. If the animals are kept in captivity, they can be caused pain that isn ¡t natural part of its environment. A number of organizations wish to replace and reduce the number of animals being used or, at the very least, lessen the pain. Rats and mice make up 85-90% of animals used in research, education, and testing. Rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, dogs, cats, and non-human primates are studied as well. Dogs and Cats make up about 1% of research animals. The certain animal depends on what is being studied. The majority of rats and mice are bred specifically for research. Half of the dogs and cats that are used are bred for that purpose too. Animal dealers are the primary source for the rest. Animal dealers must be licensed by the USDA, or the United States Department of Agriculture and have to obey the standards of care set up by the Animal Welfare Act. h Alternatives to Animal Testing Alternative methods fall into three main categories, also known as the three R ¡s: Rep...

What Is Communication and How to Use It Effectively

What Is Communication and How to Use It Effectively Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages through verbal or nonverbal means, including speech, or oral communication; writing  and graphical representations (such as infographics, maps, and charts); and  signs,  signals, and behavior. More simply, communication is said to be the creation and exchange of meaning.   Media critic and theorist James Carey  defined communication as a symbolic process whereby reality is produced, maintained, repaired and transformed in his 1992 book Communication as Culture, positing that we define our reality via sharing our experience with others. All creatures on earth have developed means in which to convey their emotions and thoughts to one another. However, its the ability of humans to use words and language to transfer specific  meanings that sets them apart from the animal kingdom. Components of Communication To break it down, in any communication there is a sender and a receiver, a message, and interpretations of meaning on both ends. The receiver gives feedback to the sender of the message, both during the messages conveyance and afterward. Feedback signals can be verbal or nonverbal, such as nodding in agreement or looking away and sighing or other myriad gestures. Theres also the context of the message, the environment its given in, and potential for interference during its sending or receipt.   If the receiver can see the sender, he or she can obtain not only the messages contents but also nonverbal communication that the sender is giving off, from confidence to nervousness, professionalism to flippancy. If the receiver can hear the sender, he or she can also pick up cues from the senders tone of voice, such as emphasis and emotion.   Rhetorical Communication- The Written Form Another thing that sets humans apart from their animal cohabiters is our use of writing as a means of communication, which has been a part of the human experience for more than  5,000 years. In fact, the first essay - coincidentally about speaking effectively - is estimated to be from around the year 3,000 B.C., originating in Egypt, though it wasnt until much later that the general population was considered literate. Still, James C. McCroskey notes in An Introduction to Rhetorical Communication that texts like these are significant because they establish the historical fact that interest in rhetorical communication is nearly 5,000 years old. In fact, McCroskey posits that most ancient texts were written as instructions for communicating effectively, further emphasizing early civilizations value of furthering the practice. Through time this reliance has only grown, especially in the Internet age. Now, written or rhetorical communication is one of the favored and primary means of talking to one another - be it an instant message or a text, a Facebook post or a tweet. As Daniel Boorstin observed in Democracy and Its Discontents, the most important single change in human consciousness in the last century, and especially in the American consciousness, has been the multiplying of the means and forms of what we call communication. This is especially true in modern times with the advent of texting, e-mail, and social media as forms of communicating with others around the world. With more means of communication,  there are also  now even more ways to be misunderstood than ever. If a message contains just the written word (such as a text or email), the sender needs to be confident in its clarity, that it cannot be misinterpreted. Emails can often come off cold or clipped without that being the intention of the sender, for example, yet its not considered professional to have emoticons in formal communication to help convey  the proper meaning and context.  Ã‚   Before You Open Your Mouth or Hit Send Before preparing your message, whether its going to be in person one-on-one, in front of an audience, over the phone, or done in writing, consider the audience wholl be receiving your information, the context, and your means to convey it. What way will be the most effective? What will you have to do to ensure its conveyed properly? What do you want to make sure that you dont convey? If its important and going to be relayed in a professional context, maybe youll practice beforehand, prepare slides and graphics, and pick out professional attire so that your appearance or mannerisms dont distract from your  message. If its a written message youre preparing, youll likely want to proofread, make sure the recipients name is spelled correctly and read it aloud to find dropped words or clunky phrasing before sending it.

Tax Consequences of Non US residents operating a business in the Essay

Tax Consequences of Non US residents operating a business in the United States. Also Non US residents Investing in United States business and or other United States Investments - Essay Example As per the invest-faq.com, a non-resident alien is able to enjoy holding some investments in this nation (USA) while at the same time getting numerous tax exempts upon income gained from the investments. A good example is the situation where a citizen of the US does his job in the USA for a considerable time period and gets a good portfolio of securities while in the USA. This person can hold on to that portfolio perfectly regardless of whether she/he stays in the USA afterwards. The term or expression non-resident alien also encompasses such nationals from foreign countries who happen to reside in the USA such as students. These non-resident aliens who have US holdings are obliged to comply with the rules of the USA taxation system as the taxation authority of the US enforces such, the IRS. Since the taxation laws of the USA seem complicated, non-resident aliens need to consult tax advisors who have all taxation issues on their finger tips. Fundamentally, a non-resident in USA, for taxation purposes, has to spend a period of lesser than 183 days in the USA. The rule governing this is complex in a way since it considers the previous years as well, as per the publication number 519 of the IRS. (Invest-faq.com, 2009) Several court cases for non-resident alien taxation cases have been heard and resolved in court. Examples include Storerios and Catherine Hantzis versus CIR and Michel versus Commissioner among others. In the case of Storerios and Catherine Hantzis versus CIR, the initial circuit of the court of appeal for the USA stated that a full-time student of law who is unemployed and is residing in Boston and at the same time attending classes in the Harvard Law School which is in Cambridge, who decided to take up a job for summer in the New York for 10 weeks got a tax home in New York alone since New York was her employment location. Thus, being an employed full-time student kind of status in his residence, Boston was not enough to take that as her

Medications errros Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Medications errros - Essay Example Available literature about medical errors states that emergency department often faces the challenge of medical errors. The intensity of the work conducted in the emergency department is one of the factors that may lead to medical errors. Emergency department is prone to medical errors because of the involvement of the individual medical practitioners . The influx pattern in the emergency department is another factor that influences the number or errors committed in this department. Some arguments about medical errors committed in the emergency department attest to the fact that medical professionals attending to patients on the emergency department often feel bored because of the inconsistent number of patients that the department receives. According to renowned scholar Norman, human beings always err (Schenkel, 2000). Thus, by considering this fact in mind, the medical professionals should be extra vigilant when handling patients. Medical errors such as wrong prescriptions are avoidable if the medical professional pays more attention to the patients. Other errors include over dosage, application of wrong procedures when handling a casualty, excessive and x-ray penetrations among others. First, is to understand the source of the error and develop means of avoiding the causes of errors. Second, create a possibility to undo actions. Third, create an environment, which may lead to tracing of the errors. Fourth, change the trends about errors (Schenkel, 2000). Critics argue that training is essential in eliminating some of the errors committed by medical professionals. Written report, for instance is important when handling a patients. Doctors or nurses may use the written document to identify the requirement of the patient. Personal responsibility is essential in defining the number of errors committed. By exercising care when handling a patient, errors arising from negligence would be avoidable. The safety of the patients is very essential. When

Aristophanes Account of Love in Platos Symposium Essay Example for Free

Aristophanes Account of Love in Platos Symposium Essay Plato’s Symposium contains several intriguing accounts of the nature of love. Describe in detail either the account of love offered by Aristophanes or Socrates/Diotima. What arguments could be given for thinking that this is the correct conception of love? DO you find this account compelling? Be sure to explain you reasons for taking the position that you do. The Symposium, written by Plato, is an account of the different speeches given during a dinner party. Each speech given is by a different person and each speech is the speaker’s own theory on love. An intriguing speech given is the one by Aristophanes, the comedian. In Aristophanes’ speech he starts out by saying that he has a thought of plan for how humans might have come to be the way they are now. His speech is based completely on a madeup idea that he came up with. He describes the natural form of humans as two technically connected humans that together form a perfect sphere. The humans in this form had three genders. The genders were either made up of male-male, male-female, or female-female. The male-male gender was superior, as coinciding with this time, and was the offspring of the sun; the sun often referred to as a god. The androgynous gender, or male-female, was the offspring of the moon. The moon shares both the sun and the earth. The female-female then were offspring of the earth. The earth was not highly thought of, just being where humans lived and so quite used and abused [190b]. These humans all made an attempt to attack the gods which then caused the gods to take retaliatory action back. The gods decided that the human race could not be wiped out completely because that would eliminate the worship and sacrifices the gods receive. Zeus, instead, decided to cut the beings in two [190d]. â€Å"Now, since their natural form had been cut in two each one longed for its own other half† [191b]. This is where Aristophanes’ theory on love comes to. He believed each person has another half, or soul mate, they are in search of. â€Å"Love is born into every human being; [191d] it calls back the halves of our original nature together. Aristophanes suggests that one is in constant search of their other half that matches, then once found the desire they had felt because of having been separated is now healed. â€Å"The two are struck from their senses†¦don’t want to be separated from one another, not even for a moment† [192c]. In one way I find Aristophanes’ argument correct. People do seem to be in constant search for whom they want, or som etimes feel they are meant to be with. It is very interesting, however, that Aristophanes relates one’s longing and desire as a form of punishment. In the tory the longing and desire came as a punishment from the gods; the only cure for this was when the two halves were reunited. Aristophanes makes it clear two halves are meant to be together but he also contradicts his own statement, â€Å"whenever one of the halves died and one was left, the one that was left still sought another and wove itself together with that†[191b-191c]. If two halves have a certain match that they are always in constant search of, and are meant to be with, wouldn’t it only make sense that there would then not be another being that one could simply find and then weave itself with. As I previously stated, I agree with Aristophanes in one way. I think that the idea of two people being meant to be together is plausible. People are always in constant search for a soul mate. Not necessarily the â€Å"one† per say, but a person they can spend the rest of their life with. There are billions of people in the world are I think it is very possible to have multiple compatible people who can fall in love. Thus, I agree more with Aristophanes own contradiction of himself; there are multiple people who match up together and get woven together in the right way.

Cause and Effect Essay: Deteriorating Health Causes Problems for Elderly Drivers :: Cause and Effect Essays

Driving is a simple task that many of us do on a daily basis. Most people are safe drivers, while a few are incapable of driving safely. Safe and capable is how most senior citizens can be viewed; however, there are some factors that can make a senior citizen dangerous behind the wheel. Some of the problems with the elderly today are that their reflexes react slower, they are hearing impaired, or a physical health change can be a big problem. Research has shown everyone ages differently and growing old does not necessarily mean a person becomes a safety hazard on the road. Much depends on the person's physical and mental health as the years pass. Because people age differently there should be certain test given to the elderly after the age of 65. First, an annual hearing test should be given to the elderly. About thirty percent of those over age 65 are hearing impaired. The ability to hear is more important to driving than most people realize. Hearing can warn a driver of danger signals like the sound of screaming sirens, honking horns, or screeching tires. There are occasions when a driver can hear a car but can't see it because of a blind spot. Good hearing helps drivers to be sensitive to what is happening on the roadways around them. Secondly, An annual visual acuity test should be given to the elderly. The elderly are not tested periodically so more often than not visual changes occur and go undetected. Passing a simple eye-test should guarantee clear sight. But many elderly people have visual defects that make it difficult for them to see road signs and pedestrians. Senior citizens may need to slow their vehicles to read a road sign, which can put them at risk for an accident with faster traffic. If they do not slow down, the risk may be smaller, but they cannot read the sign. Obviously, challenge of driving is not one that can be easily solved for the elderly. Lastly, a test on sensory motor skills should be given to the elderly. Cause and Effect Essay: Deteriorating Health Causes Problems for Elderly Drivers :: Cause and Effect Essays Driving is a simple task that many of us do on a daily basis. Most people are safe drivers, while a few are incapable of driving safely. Safe and capable is how most senior citizens can be viewed; however, there are some factors that can make a senior citizen dangerous behind the wheel. Some of the problems with the elderly today are that their reflexes react slower, they are hearing impaired, or a physical health change can be a big problem. Research has shown everyone ages differently and growing old does not necessarily mean a person becomes a safety hazard on the road. Much depends on the person's physical and mental health as the years pass. Because people age differently there should be certain test given to the elderly after the age of 65. First, an annual hearing test should be given to the elderly. About thirty percent of those over age 65 are hearing impaired. The ability to hear is more important to driving than most people realize. Hearing can warn a driver of danger signals like the sound of screaming sirens, honking horns, or screeching tires. There are occasions when a driver can hear a car but can't see it because of a blind spot. Good hearing helps drivers to be sensitive to what is happening on the roadways around them. Secondly, An annual visual acuity test should be given to the elderly. The elderly are not tested periodically so more often than not visual changes occur and go undetected. Passing a simple eye-test should guarantee clear sight. But many elderly people have visual defects that make it difficult for them to see road signs and pedestrians. Senior citizens may need to slow their vehicles to read a road sign, which can put them at risk for an accident with faster traffic. If they do not slow down, the risk may be smaller, but they cannot read the sign. Obviously, challenge of driving is not one that can be easily solved for the elderly. Lastly, a test on sensory motor skills should be given to the elderly.

Assess the view that what participant observation lacks in terms of reliability Essay

Assess the view that what participant observation lacks in terms of reliability & representativeness, it more than makes up for in terms of validity. Participant Observation is where the researcher infiltrates themselves into a certain group or gang to study them from within. The researcher usually puts themselves in a position where they are in the main part of the group, and they usually study the activities and attitudes of the different gang/group members. The observation is usually carefully thought through, & it is usually recorded in field notes, and can often take months, even years to complete. Participant Observation usually doesn’t start with a definite hypothesis, so new ideas and thoughts about the group or the way that an idea may turn out usually come through when the observer is part of the group. You can either do overt (people know you are doing it) or covert (undercover) observations, or even a combination of both. Although this may seem like a very kosher method to use, there are quite a few disadvantages of doing this; Bias is a concern because if the observer starts being drawn into the group, their own views will be abandoned because they may start seeing things through the group’s eyes, and may blind the researcher to other views that may be available. The influence of the researcher may also be a problem, because if a group know that they are being studied, they may alter their behaviour, and so the research is pointless. For example, with James Patrick’s study of a Glaswegian Gang, he was suspected of holding back in fights and being reluctant to participate in some of the activities of the Gang, and this was pointed out by a member of the gang, but thankfully, the leader of the Gang stood up for Patrick, because he was the only one who actually knew that the gang was being studied. Ethical Issues are also a problem, because if the researcher goes in really deep with the group, then they may have to illegal or immoral activities, which may go against the researcher’s own values. The actual proof of the study is also a problem because you have no way of replicating the exact study, and so have no way of knowing if the research is true or not. This kind of study is also on too small a scale, and so you cannot repeat it again. Also, due to the micro-ness of it, you cannot make generalisations for the whole population based on one group, or if you were studying gangs and their motives for committing crimes or something like that, you can’t assume that all other gangs will have the same motives. And finally, most researchers like to study the less powerful groups in society, and there has been a debate over whether this is right or not because we can possibly miss the important issues that are going on. However, there are some advantages to using this method, and so we cannot just assume that all sociologists see this as a bad method to use; By joining a certain group, the sociologist would be able to gain knowledge of certain subjects from that group’s point of view, and they would be able to fully understand the sorts of things that were going on, and gaining different perspectives. Also, you can generate new ideas from being in a new group, and this can lead you to new perspectives and ideas. You also get more of the truth and honesty if you are doing overt participant observation, so you can quite easily prove or disprove any hypotheses you have come up with. You are also to dig deeper into the group so to speak, because if you are a part of the group, then you can uncover issues that may normally remain hidden or are secretive. Participant observation is also dynamic because if you are with a group over time, you understand how they work and how attitudes and behaviour change over time. Lastly, you can dig deeper into areas that you aren’t typically able to reach, for example, with young offenders or religious groups. It is, however, simplistic to assume that participant observation will automatically produce valid results, as there are many threats to this validity.

Different Genres Of Films And Their Impact On The Spectators Essay

No other art form has had quite the impact on our lives that the motion pictures have. Everybody loves stories. We want to watch different movies, depending on the mood, temperament and circumstances. The most important thing is to choose the right genre. The term genre is used a lot around the movie industry to break down the type of film into categories. It’s difficult to place a lot of films in a single category. For this reason a lot of films have multiple genres. They are classified by the description, theme, variety, or story idea that is determined by how the movie is written. There are a lot of genres. For example: comedy, drama, horror, western est. A comedy is meant to make us laugh, by exaggerating the situation, the language, action, relationships and characters. A mystery may want us to think and try to solve a crime. Watching the film, you can cry or laugh or be scared. Filmmakers know this, and depending on what they want to achieve they choose the genre to remove. On TV start to show war films, in anticipation of anniversary of the Great Patriotic War. There are a lot disaster movies on TV because of the rumors about the end of the world. All is accidental. TV is a big industry. Sometimes it is good sometimes it’s not but you have a choice whether you want to fall for this trick or not. If you want an adventure, then you should choose an Adventure films or Westerns. They are usually exciting stories, with new experiences or exotic locales, very similar to or often paired with the action film genre. Westerns are the major defining genre of the American film industry . They are one of the oldest, most enduring genres with very recognizable plots, elements, and characters (six-guns, horses, dusty towns and trails, cowboys, Indians, etc.). If you want something romantic, it would be better to select melodramas or dramas. They are serious, portraying realistic characters, settings, life situations, and stories involving intense character development and interaction. But if you’re nervous you needn’t to watch thrillers and horror movies, because Horror films are designed to frighten and to invoke our hidden worst fears, often in a terrifying, shocking finale, while captivating and entertaining us. Epics include costume dramas, historical dramas, war films, medieval romps, or ‘period pictures’ that often cover a large expanse of time set against a vast, panoramic backdrop. Everyone has their favorite genre, favorite movie that is generally characterize a person. Movies influence on people. The more you watch good, thought-provoking and making to reason movies, the more you have positive emotions and develop as individuals. Similarly, choosing the opposite action movie or a horror film you faced likely with violence and fear. So take you choice.

10 Facts for a Research Project on Cell Biology

10 Facts for a Research Project on Cell Biology Sometimes, understanding the history tied to certain subject matters you intend to write an essay about, gets you done with half of your task and cell biology belongs exactly to this category. Therefore we shall explore cell biology and its history, which you can employ when writing your research paper. Like most disciplines, the field of cell biology was defined by Greek scholars in ancient Greece. It was established from the Greek word KUTOC, as a branch of biology that studies the different structures and functions of the cell with special emphasis on the cell being the basic unit of life. This article alongside two others will be focused on providing you with all the information you need to start writing an excellent research paper on cell biology. 10 Interesting Facts on Cell Biology for Your Research Paper: All cells are not equal. The fact that cells are the basic units of life does not automatically mean all cells are equal. Although scientific research shows that all cells share certain similarities such as the ability to eat, grow and move, they are also unique in diverse ways. Cells differ in size, function and living arrangement- some are self-sustaining while others are part of a complex multicellular organism. Cell membranes form the boundary between its internals and the external environment. Just like the human skin acts as the boundary between the human body and its external environment, cell membranes do the exact same thing. Cell membranes are based on a framework of fat-based molecules known as phospholipids. Their main function is gate-keeping. This involves preventing hydrophilic substances- elements that love water- from leaving or entering the cell. Cell genetic codes are expressed through nucleic acids. The two major types of nucleic acids charged with this responsibility are the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). These nucleic acids work hand by hand to build and manage the cell functions. The DNA is the molecule that contains the information a cell needs to function while the RNA serves as the conduit which transports this message to areas where they are expressed. It is also important to note that other proteins/amino acids are also charged with the responsibility of cell expressions. Cells contain structures designed to carry out specific tasks. These structures are called organelles, and they are responsible for the separate functions a cell needs to perform to stay alive. While eukaryotic cells contain a diverse range of organelles, prokaryotic have just a few. The organelles in prokaryotic cells include: nucleus for growth and reproduction, mitochondria for energy, golgi complex as a manufacturing and storing organelle and endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes carbohydrates, and fat. Eukaryotic cells basically make use of ribosomes to synthesize proteins and lysosomes to digest macromolecules. Cells are differentiated and categorized by their genetic materials. As stated earlier, there are different types of cells. Scientists make use of a categorization system that focuses on the packaging of their genetic materials. Cells that have their DNA separated or partitioned from their cytoplasm are categorized as eukaryotes while others with DNAs not partitioned off their cytoplasm are known as prokaryotic. Also, all known prokaryotes e.g. bacteria are generally single cells while eukaryotes such as Amoeba are usually single-entities living freely in their own environment. Cells generate energy from sunlight and food molecules. Like all living organisms, cells need energy to survive and they get that energy from the environment they live in. Biological research has shown that the major source from which cells get energy is the sun. Almost all living cells- bacteria, algae, plant cells etc.- harness solar energy to meet their everyday needs, grow and reproduce. Cells also take in food molecules such as sugar and fats through the membrane to generate the energy needed to function. Cells use specific pathways to turn nutrients into usable energy. The specific pathway used by cells to develop usable energy largely depends on the type of the cell. Studies have shown that eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells apply different pathways. Eukaryotic cells make use of some major processes which include: glycolysis- the splitting of sugar- and oxidative phosphorylation, which involves an electron transport chain. Prokaryotic cells, on the other hand, make use of oxidation which involves the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another through chemical reactions. Cells also store energy in reserves. When there is an abundant supply of energy, eukaryotic cells tend to store energy for future use. To get this done, these cells automatically create energy-rich molecules to store the excessive energy. These reservoirs are of course held in the cell and can be called upon when needed. In situations of plenty, these reservoirs can get large enough to be viewed separately under a microscope. Cells have varying life spans. Another factor which differentiates cells from one another is their life spans. These life spans can fluctuate between a few days to a couple of years. Using cells in the human body as case study: cells in the digestive tract may live for just a few days, those situated in the immune system may live for months, while cells in pancreas can live for a year or even more. Simple cells such as amoeba and algae that live in their own habitat without a host also exhibit fluctuating life spans. Cells also commit suicide. Cells go through the process known as apoptosis when they are either damaged or infected. This process involves a sequence of steps which starts with the cell sending self-termination signals to its nucleus. The process of apoptosis is done to protect the body as well as keep the natural process of cell division occurring without difficulties. Lastly, cells that do not go through the natural process of apoptosis when damaged can be cancerous. Here we come to the end of today’s interesting facts about the field of cell biology. To learn more about writing a research project on it, why not read the other articles in this series covering 20 cell biology research project topics and how to write a good research project on cell biology. References: Jungck, J. (2013). Genesis of What Is Life?: A Paradigm Shift in Genetics History. Cell Biology Education, 12(2), pp.151-152. Cameron, L. (2013). International Institute for Collaborative Cell Biology and BiochemistryHistory and Memoirs from an International Network for Biological Sciences. Cell Biology Education, 12(3), pp.339-344. Chamany, K., Allen, D. and Tanner, K. (2008). Making Biology Learning Relevant to Students: Integrating People, History, and Context into College Biology Teaching. Edelmann, L. (2002). Life at the Cell and Below-Cell Level: The Hidden History of a Fundamental Revolution in Biology (review). Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 45(4), pp.628-631. Bechtel, W. and Abrahamsen, A. (2006). In Search of Mitochondrial Mechanisms: Interfield Excursions between Cell Biology and Biochemistry. Journal of the History of Biology. Steinberg, G. (2015). Cell biology of Zymoseptoria tritici: Pathogen Cell Organization and Wheat Infection. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 79, pp.17-23. Kerimoglu, O., Straile, D. and Peeters, F. (2012). Role of Phytoplankton Cell size on the Competition for Nutrients and Light in incompletely Mixed Systems. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 300, pp.330-343.

What Justice Means to Me Essays

What Justice Means to Me Essays What Justice Means to Me Essay What Justice Means to Me Essay In social institutions, justice is the very first virtue. On the other hand, truth would be considered to be of systems of thought. In the case of theories, certain revisions could be done if it is found to be untrue. Even if the theory seems to sound elegantly, changes would be required on it. The same thing applies to laws and institutions. If these laws and institutions are untrue, they would be reformed, or worst, they would be abolished. Utilitarianism states that a moral action is the â€Å"greatest good for the greatest number of people† (Mill, 1863). But each and every individual has the ability to discern based on justice that the wellbeing of a whole society does not often overrule the wellbeing of its citizen. Justice rejects the idea that an individual could lose his freedom for the benefit of the other individuals. In a society, justice must provide the equality which the citizen or the people should receive. Their rights should be protected by justice and that in equalities are reduced, if not totally removed (Rawls, 1999).Justice for me is fairness. It is a way to give the things that is due to a person or an individual who experiences unjust treatment. Each and every individual should experience equality especially with regards to rights and liberty, comparable to that which is experienced by other people. In addition to this, if there is the presence of social and economic inequalities, it should be reformed. The inequalities should be arranged in a manner as to be rationally anticipated to be to everyone’s advantage. Also, it should be fixed as to make positions or offices open to everybody, and not only to a specific individual or group of individuals.In a case stated by Claire Andre and Manuel Velasquez, an individual named Beatrice Norton who was fourteen years old worked in a cotton mill just like her mother. Few years after, she had stopped from working due to problems with regards to her health. Exposure to the cotton dust i n the cotton mill had resulted to a disease called â€Å"brown lung†. â€Å"Brown lung† can is a chronic disease, and if it gets out of hand, it could be fatal. The symptoms of brown lung are similar to asthma and emphysema. Due to this disease, she was not able to work anymore and provide money for herself and to her family. As such, she asks for the government’s help in giving justice to what she had experienced. More specifically, she wanted to receive stability compensations from the government. Another case talks about Mrs. Vinnie Ellison’s husband who also worked in a cotton mill. Her husband had experienced difficulties in breathing and her husband’s health was in serious problem fulfilling his job due to this. Mrs. Ellison’s husband was fired because of this. Aside from being jobless, Mrs. Ellison’s husband had no pension, as such, they had difficulty living (Andre and Velasquez, Spring 1990).In these two incidents or cases, b oth Beatrice Norton and Mrs. Vinnie Elison, only wanted what is due to them or to their loved one. They wanted to be treated equally or fairly as to what they had experienced. They had worked for the cotton mill for years and morally speaking, the victims should be given compensations or financial help. In this way, their efforts, labor and loyalty to the company could be rewarded. In a just society, they should not be treated indifferently and that justice should protect them as well, just like how it protects other laborers or workers experiencing other diseases.As a Criminal Justice professional, I would see to it that they would be given what’s due to them. I would try to investigate and check if there’s any fault, mistake, neglects or shortcomings done by either Beatrice Norton and Mrs. Vinnie Elison or the cotton mill. I could readily give help or assistance to the victims of the â€Å"brown lung† in receiving at least a small compensation to pay for their medications. The improvement of their health could also be pushed through as deliberations and investigations go on. I would also help in granting pension to these victims if it is found that they had not committed any shortcomings as to endanger their own selves to the disease. In the case of the cotton mill, I could assist them in finding a suitable compensation or pension for the victims without incurring much loss to the mill. Their policies could also be revised in order to adapt to these problems in the future. Certain safety regulations can be pushed through the court for the cotton mill to create or improve existing health or safety regulations so that the well-being of the workers could be addressed. If the court finds that the victims did not follow such regulations then, they may not receive what they want fully since it is not due to them.Distributing wealth and good things in life that is equally deserved by one could be thought through common sense be given based on m oral desert. Justice is happiness according to virtue. While it is recognized that this ideal can never be fully carried out, it is the appropriate conception of distributive justice, at least as a prima facie. As a Criminal Justice professional that considers that justice is fairness, this conception is already eliminated or disregarded. Identifying the necessary criteria in this situation seems to be impossible. In addition to this, from the point of view of distributing according to virtue, moral desert and legitimate expectations are neither eminent nor identifiable. Therefore, it can be a fact that individuals who take part in certain arrangements receive claims from one another because of the existing agreements which were made. In the case of the â€Å"brown lung† cancer, certain agreements could be arranged in order to come up with a fair decision that would not push one side to the losing end. By creating an agreement between the two conflicting identities, they coul d receive claims and equality or fairness can be served. Furthermore, the principles of justice as fairness that maintains a fundamental structure do not pertain to moral desert. Through justice as fairness, there would be no predisposition of share distribution that would keep up a correspondence with it.ReferencesAndre, C., Velasquez, M. (Spring 1990). Justice and Fairness. Issues in Ethics, 3.Mill, J. S. (1863). Utilitarianism. London: Parker, Son and Bourn, West Strand.Rawls, J. (1999). A Theory of Justice. New York: Oxford University Press.

An investigation on consumer perception and trust in e-banking Literature review

An investigation on consumer perception and trust in e-banking transactions through mobile phone.The case of Lloyds TSB - Literature review Example E-banking is also known as internet banking which is an extension of personal computer banking (Stair & et. al., 2009). E-banking utilises internet as a medium for conducting several banking activities such as money transfer, bill payment, balance observation and purchase of financial products among others. E-banking is the outcome of explored opportunity to utilise internet applications in several fields of banking (Bak & Stair, 2011). According to Fonchamnyo (2012), e-banking has experienced rapid growth and changed the traditional banking practices of customers. This growth can lead to massive shift in banking practices leading to advanced business performance. In fact, e-banking has become a major trend for banks to sell their products and services and is perceived to be an inevitable component or ally for banks to remain profitable and successful. However, the acceptance of e-banking is not even particularly between developed and developing nations. It is believed that the diffe rent perceptions of customers about the use of e-banking result in trust and adoption of e-banking facilities (Scribd, 2013). Mobile banking is a subsection of e-banking which has gained growing popularity amongst numerous segments of society. Mobile banking denotes the provision of banking services with the aid of telecommunication devices (Sarlak & Hastiani, 2010). With the use of mobile technology, banks can provide several services to the customers such as money transfer whilst travelling, obtaining online updates or even conducting stock trading and financial transaction activities while being caught in traffic. Therefore, mobile banking provides convenient, simple and timeless banking experience (Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, 2013). The mobile e-banking phenomenon which can expressively influence banks’ operational efficiency and services, is gaining status in developed nations. However, irrespective of its several advantages, the use of mobile phone in banking ac tivities is still in the beginning phase, particularly in developing nations (Burri & Cottier, 2012). Following the technological developments, mobile phones are permeating in every aspect of life. The quick propagation of mobile phone not only has transformed the manner in which people live, but also has created a new channel for service delivery. The elevated penetration rate of mobile phone has resulted in increased use of mobile devices for the purpose of banking as it adds more value to the customers (Kumar, 2009; IBM Corporation, 2011). The prospect of mobile e-banking relies on customers’ perception. Customers are only willing to conduct mobile e-banking transaction, if they acquire value from it. From the perspective of customers, this value can be defined with respect to customer perception of using a new technology (Yang & Ma, 2012). 2.2 Consumer Perception Theory 2.2.1 Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) On the basis of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) model, the ov erall feeling or attitude towards the utilisation of technology oriented system is a key determinant of adoption of any

Human Resources in Business Strategic Aspects Of Reward and Variable Essay

Human Resources in Business Strategic Aspects Of Reward and Variable Pay - Essay Example Looked through the employer’s perspective employees are rewarded for their skills (potential and output), for their input (presenting competencies). From the employee’s point of view being rewarded means that they are treated as stakeholders and that the expectations of the management have been met. Rewarding also entitles employees to bargain their wages with labour unions and to seek consultations via work and staff councils. As a statistical summary, it can be said that in the last 5 years, 60% of the companies have introduces new reward systems into their organizations. As a general rule every employee has to be advised before starting work about the payment structures, the salary progression, the monthly benefits (if/after the target is reached), and incentive plans. Not all organizations have a delegated Human Resource department. Smaller businesses prefer to allocate the role to the owner/manager. Therefore, employees have a direct access to the management and can try to negotiate their pay progression. In a bigger company though, employees have more benefits – bonuses, training programmes, social events. In traditional organizations for example in Japan, the progression of the salary depends on the length of service. These are centralized policies, and usually they have very cautious response to the economic market pressures. That is why in traditional organizations job evaluation is widespread and there are small performance rewards, but mainly aimed to the senior employees. Leading organizations have strong emphasis on performance and there payment is directly linked to individual performance. They exercise decentralized policies and have more flexibility in teamwork and line management. Leading organizations have different reward system for the various departments and they do not automatically apply the same rewards for everybody. Usually there is a basic

Environmental politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Environmental politics - Essay Example â€Å"Environmental politics examines the evolution of environmental movements and parties, it provides analysis of the making and implementation of public policy in the area of the environment at international, national and local levels† (Environmental Politics) There are so many different laws agreed between different countries to protect environment. Kyoto protocol and Montreal protocol are international agreements signed by most of the countries. At the same time the sincerity of these countries in implementing Kyoto protocol and Montreal protocol is suspicious. Most of the countries are blaming others for their own failures in implementing the environmental protection treaties. Implementation of these environmental protection treaties may result in some economic losses to a country. In short, â€Å"The lack of progress on tackling climate change internationally is due to states economic interests†. This paper analyzes environment politics and the commitments and sincerity of the countries in tackling the climate change problems. According to Sprinz, & Vaahtoranta (1994), â€Å"States are not equally affected by atmospheric pollution†(Sprinz, & Vaahtoranta, p. 79). One of the major problems associated with environmental pollution is the fact that some countries were victimized by other countries. We can fix boundaries for our country with respect to the land, we can conserve our land properties from any kind of intrusions; however, it is difficult to block the intrusion of toxic gases from other countries. In other words, even if we are sincere in protecting our environment, it is not necessary that our efforts would be completely successful because of the intrusion of polluted air from our neighboring countries. It is quite possible that those countries which are more responsible for environmental problems may escape from the consequences whereas their neighbors may suffer from that. â€Å"A victim country A, that is, a country that is

Psychology and Perspectives Essay Example for Free

Psychology and Perspectives Essay Human beings are given the unique capacity to view things not just the way they are but also on the pre-programmed processes we use in describing a situation. These perspectives can come from many different external influences and by internal factors involving our personal and historical development. On these reason we can employ psychology to study why and how we view things and how these factors influence our perspectives. There are many psychological perspectives presented in the field to distinguish our differences from other people. However, though we have been guided by these explanations on how we react mentally and physically over a situation, these perspectives, though they are limited, complement each other to form a unified explanation on our views. Their questions present different answers which can describe the paradigms of human existence and process, based on the different aspects of their functions and influences. This paper will discuss several psychological perspectives and their relationship to our daily routine of looking at things differently from others. View point and summaries of related topics will be discussed applied with the neuroscience, evolutionary, psychodynamic, behavioral, behavior genetics and cognitive perspectives. These perspectives are best to explain the differences people have on viewing a situation. Neuroscience Perspective First, the neuroscience perspective looks at the internal viewing functions of a person. This involves the processes of the brain in conceiving a situation and the underlying influences that affect a persons behavior. It describes how the body and mind control our emotions, memories, and sensory processes to react on a given situation. In The Girl with a Boys Brain by Carlin Flora, neuroscience perspective is used in determining a persons tendencies and irregularities by identifying brain processes and disorders.   Kiriana Cowansage has had obsessions and successes in many areas of her life. However, though her brain is above the average intellectual norm, she often gets lost in her own neighborhood. She is then diagnosed to have Aspergers Syndrome, a mental disorder highly functional in the autism family. This condition is found usually on boys due to their innate tendency to systematize. Kiriana is said to be weak in relating with other people and in situations she is in. Often times she gets confused by unfamiliar events and get lost helplessly in it due to her faulty sensory processing systems. Kirianas behaviors are apparently affected by her condition and needs attention on how inner processes to solve her problem. This inner view to explain a persons behavior and practices is described in neuroscience perspectives. Evolutionary perspective Evolutionary perspective relates our ancestral environment to be affective of our behaviors at present. The historical development of people and their retained and their passed characteristics are considered to be factors that affect their emotions and tendencies. Evolutionary psychology taps on the affective structures of human ancestral environments on the establishment of emotions, personalities, cognitive processes, and mental disorders (Nesse, p6). In a Psyched for Success article publsihed in October 2003, evolutionary perspective is used in describing the causes and implications of depression. There they raised the question of whether depression is simply a disorder or a sign of emotional fatigue. The article states that, in centuries past, aspects of human life have been internalized and passed through generations to our present life. These aspects of the past are still being used but are insufficient or inappropriate because of our more complicated present. Depression is said to signal this mismatch between our old ways and our new situations (2003). Since life today are relatively harder, people cannot cope completely with new and unfamiliar events presented to them thus causes stress and signals a people to step back and reassess the situation and their reaction. Psychodynamic perspective Psychodynamic perspective asserts that inner conflicts of the past affect a persons behaviors and emotions at the present. It is based primarily on Freuds concept of the unconscious where all repressed feelings are stored and affect our views unnoticeably. People who have abusive and violent experiences in the past are more likely to have repressed emotions stored in their unconcious and these defines who they are in the present. The article In the Name of Love describes adult relationships to be greatly affected by peoples relationships during childhood. Johnson and Maranos report relates the attachment theory of infancy, the characteristic of a child to rely and depend on an immediate relative, a mother usually. This attachment is then carried as children grow old and establish their own relationships with other people (Johnson and Marano, 1994). Partners rely on each others affection and availability. When people are in fear or anxiety, they will certainly ask for support from their partners. Children and adult relationships are underlined by the common need of a person for attachment and security. Behavioral perspective Most of the time there are environmental stimuli that automatically or force us to make a reaction. Behavioral perspective describes this immediate factors as affective to ones behavior. Psychotherapy utilizes this perspective to describe a persons behavior through various stimulus and on many occasions it is used to erase or establish a behavior in a person. In an article by Tim Bower and Robert Epstein, behavioral perspective can detect psychological disorders on patients and consequently affect a therapists own personality. Due to the reinforced and repeated exposure to the cases and situations of patients they treat, therapist have a tendency to absorb behaviors and manifest it in their own lives. In a certain instance, psychologists who experienced having a patient suicide felt guilt and self-incrimination which could lead to other unprofessional behaviors. Also, the distress caused by their patients faulty disclosures have affected their lives with their own families the same with how their family relationships affect their professional responsibilities. Also, mental health workers are at greater risk of substance abuse due to their treatment of patients with the same behavior (Epstain and Bower, 1997). Genetic behavior perspective The genetic behavior perspective relates to the innate causes of behaviors. The hereditary influences that people often are affected in their responses to stimuli are regarded with much research and attention to prove. The concept of being born and not made can be found on this perspective as what the article Bruce Avolio explained. In Are Leaders Born or Made?, he stated that genetic codes also contain behavioral preferences and tools for people be what they are â€Å"meant† to be. Leaders are equipped with high energy, desire to affect others, determination and intelligence. Scientist have spent time and effort in proving that these qualities are innate and   are gifts to chosen individuals tasked become leaders. However, these characteristics are later found with the possibility of being learned and instilled to us by our parents at the early stages of life (Avolio, 1999). Also, in the article, My Genes Made Me Do It, Peele and DeGrandpre genetic codes programmed with certain behaviors are being used as excuse for tolerating certain actions (Peele and DeGrandpre , 1995). Often times, people are fooled with wrong theories on genetic behaviors and on this note researchers are focused on specific areas of life which can really be passed genetically. Also, if our personality is already determined during the early stages of conceiving, people tend to withdraw efforts on changing their behaviors. This perception is considered to have monumental consequences on how we view ourselves and on personal development. These psychological perspectives – neuroscience, evolutionary, genetic behavior, behavioral, and psychodynamic – are established to have various views on how human beings behave and relate to others. Though these perspectives raises differing questions and answers, they all relate a persons process and structure for behavior. The study on these perspectives not only open various doors for psychological exploration but also give different means on how to describe personalities and offer treatments on the disorders which haunt people over the course of their life by identifying the internal and external etiologies of their abnormalities. Also, these only prove that wherever human perspectives are present, psychological approaches can be utilized to determine the wide range of causes and influences of these views.

William Shakespeare :: essays research papers

William Shakespeare William Shakespeare, the most famous of all English writers, has written many works. One such work is Much Ado About Nothing, a comedy that includes humor, love, and deceit. Several incidents in the life of the author influenced him to write this play in the fashion that he did. These events come from his life and the point in history in which he lived, thus producing Much Ado About nothing. Shakespeare's life has very much to do with the style of his writing as his stories are from his past experiences. Shakespeare had a life that involved both the good and bad aspects of love. He was married for a short while, however, the marriage was suspected to be an unhappy one because he spent much of his later life away from his family. Shakespeare's misfortune in love is shown in Much Ado About Nothing when it is said, "Speak low if you speak love." (Shakespeare). Contrary to this, the positive side of love is apparent: "Friendship is constant in all other things Save in the office and affairs of love: Therefore all hearts in love use their own tongues; Let every eye negotiate itself And trust no agent." (Shakespeare) So let it be known, Shakespeare obviously learned a great deal about love throughout the course of his life. He learned not only the good, but also the bad, and in this, love plays a major role in Much Ado About Nothing (Wright 10- 13). Another element used in Much Ado About Nothing is deceit. This deceit involves a conflict between two brothers in which one wants to keep the other unhappy and unwed. This conflict is present as it is said, "There's a skirmish of wit between them." (Shakespeare). Shakespeare, in his life, had some deceitful things forced upon him where he was cheated out of something. He was forced out of school at an early age of fifteen to help his father financially. Furthermore, he was forced into marrying a women that was eight years older than himself because she was three months pregnant. In result of his unsuccessful marriage, it is reason enough for him involving love and deceit as one in this play. So Shakespeare also understands deceit as he incorporated it into Much Ado About Nothing ("Shakespeare, William"). Contrary to love and deceit, Shakespeare uses comedy as the third and final element of the play. Comedy is what gives Much Ado About Nothing it's cheerful happiness and wit that gives this play it's recognition. Shakespeare had many happy experiences in his life due to his great success in being a